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gemology

Gemmology (gemstone science)

The task of gemology, as a sub-area of mineralogy, is the scientific study of gemstones. The name gemology is derived from the Greek word gemme , which refers to a gemstone into which a pictorial motif has been carved.

Gemmology and its field of activity

One of the goals of gemology is the identification of gemstones , for which the most modern technologies are used. Gemology deals in detail with the formation and characteristic properties of gemstones, as well as with the special characteristics of gemstones found in certain deposits.

Important criteria for classification include the crystal structure, the specific density and the refraction of light. In addition, gemologists evaluate the quality of the gemstones according to cut, color and clarity.

Another important aspect of gemology is the identification of gemstones that have either been synthetically produced or have been artificially treated to improve their color or clarity. X-ray analysis and spectroscopy are used to help with this.

In addition, gemmology is constantly working on improving its technical tools and is developing, for example, microscopes that meet the latest technical standards.

The History of Gemology

Gemmology as a training profession began in the 19th century – however, at that time it did not yet follow any binding quality standards.

This changed in 1908 when the NAG (National Association of Goldsmiths of Great Britain) set up the Gem-A (Gemological Association of Great Britain) committee, which offered courses leading to the title of gemologist.

There are now several schools and associations that offer professional instruction for those who want to dedicate themselves to gemology. The Gem-A remains the most renowned in this field, but there are also the GIA (Gemological Institute of America) , the IGI (International Gemological Institute) and the AGS (American Gem Society).

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